A gateway does more than forward data. It translates between protocols that were never designed to meet, buffers when the uplink drops so an outage costs latency rather than data, filters and aggregates so the connection carries information rather than raw samples, and acts as a single managed boundary between an operational network and everything outside it.
Standard units cover the common cases. The awkward cases are the norm on real sites: a legacy serial protocol nobody documents, an unusual power arrangement, a hazardous-area classification, an enclosure constraint, or a radio combination that is not sold as a bundle.
Custom gateway development starts from those actual requirements rather than from a reference design, and covers hardware, firmware, certification path and the device-management integration that makes a fleet of them supportable.